What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative research methods?

• A. Qualitative focuses on numerical data; quantitative explores experiences
• B. Qualitative uses surveys; quantitative uses interviews
• C. Qualitative explores subjective experiences; quantitative uses statistical analysis
• D. Qualitative is more reliable than quantitative

Answer: (C)

The distinction between qualitative and quantitative research methods is primarily rooted in their approaches to data collection and analysis. Qualitative research is focused on understanding subjective experiences, meanings, and perspectives from participants. It seeks to uncover deeper insights into behaviors, motivations, and emotions through methods such as interviews, focus groups, and open-ended surveys. This allows researchers to gather rich, descriptive data that elucidates the complexities of human experiences.

In contrast, quantitative research employs structured tools to gather numerical data that can be statistically analyzed. This method focuses on measurement and comparison, allowing for the identification of patterns, correlations, and trends across larger populations. By using statistical techniques, researchers can quantify relationships and draw objective conclusions based on the collected data.

Therefore, the correct choice emphasizes that qualitative methods delve into subjective experiences while quantitative methods rely on statistical analysis to interpret numerical data. This understanding is critical for choosing the appropriate research approach based on the study's goals and the nature of the information being sought.